The “Great Day of the Feast”

 

The Awesome Mystery of

Hoshana Rabbah!

 

                        Many are confused about the “great day of the Feast” when Jesus

                        stoop up and said for people to come to Him, and He would give

                        them living water.  What day was that?  What does it picture?

                        is it the “Eighth Day”?  Or is it the seventh day of the Feast of

Tabernacles?  What is the real truth behind the mystery of this

“Great Day of the Feast”?  What does it picture in God’s Plan?

 

William F. Dankenbring

 

            In John, chapter 7, we find that Yeshua went down to Jerusalem to keep the Feast of Tabernacles.  In verse 37 we read, “On the last day of the festival, the GREAT DAY, while Jesus was standing there, he cried out, ‘Let anyone who is thirsty come to me, and let the one who believes in me drink.  As the Scripture has said, “Out of the believer’s heart shall flow rivers of  living water.”’  Now he said this about the Spirit, which believers in him were to receive; for as yet there was no Spirit, because Jesus was not yet glorified” (John 7:37-39, NRSV).

 

            What is the “last day” of the Feast?  Why is it called, “the Great Day”?

 

            Many have assumed, and taught, that this refers to the concluding festival which follows right after the Feast of Tabernacles, called “The Eighth Day.”  In Hebrew it is called Shemini Atzeret, which simply means, “Eighth Day.”

 

            However, a strict interpretation of this verse would suggest that it is discussing a festival itself which has more than one day, and the day in question is the LAST day of that particular Feast!  Now the Feast of Tabernacles is just such a Feast.  It has “seven days” (Lev.23:39-42).  On these seven days the people of God are to take palm branches, and other branches, and rejoice before the Lord (v.40).  During these seven days they are to dwell in booths, or temporary dwellings, called sukkah in Hebrew (verse 42).

 

            After this festival, on the eighth day, comes an entirely NEW festival, called Shemini Atzeret!  It also is an annual Sabbath day – a day of solemn assembly (Lev.23:39; Numbers 29:35). 

 

            During the seven days of the Feast of Tabernacles, the Jewish people celebrated at the Temple of God in Jerusalem a special ceremony, daily, called the “pouring out of the water offering.”   But on the day of Shemini Atzeret, the people no longer dwelt in booths; they no longer waved the palm branches and other foliage.  And they no longer offered the daily water libation at the Temple!

 

            Therefore, it seems most clear that the “last day of the Feast,” when Jesus spoke words about “living water,” He was connecting this with the pouring out in the Temple of the water offering on the last or seventh day of the Feast of Tabernacles!

 

            What is the special significance of this day?  What does Jewish history tell us?

           

The Last Day of the Feast -- Hoshana Rabbah

 

            The seventh day of the Feast of Tabernacles is not an annual Sabbath day -- yet it has special meaning and significance of its own.  In ancient times it was known as the “great day of the feast.”  The entire Feast of Tabernacles pictured, in a spectacular way, the great fall harvest, and it was called “The Festival of the Harvest.”  But the seventh and last day of the Feast -- and the culmination of the Feast – had a special meaning of itself.  It represented in a unique way the FINAL DAY OF HARVEST!  Therefore, it also pictured the FINAL DAY of JUDGMENT!  It pictured the celebration of the gathering in of the final great harvest of souls in God’s plan. 

 

            We read in the book Celebrate! --

 

                                “Therefore, the final day of the festival, when the last sacrifices were offered on

                        behalf of the other nations, was identified as the occasion when the earth is

                        JUDGED regarding replenishment of water, and consequently, when mankind’s

                        FATE, collectively and individually, IS SEALED.  (Rabbinic literature identifies

                        this Yom Darvata, Day of the Willow, as Yom Hakhitum, Day of Sealing, an

                        extension of Yom Kippur.)  Striking the willows then had the added connotation

                        of casting away of sin or symbolizing the thrashings one would receive in punish-

                        ment for sin” (p.214).

 

                The seventh day of the Feast is called “Hoshanah Rabbah,” meaning “the many hoshanahs.”  This is a contraction of hoshiah na -- or “The Great Salvation.”  During the Middle Ages, customs associated with Yom Kippur -- such as dressing the Torah in white vestments, and the cantor’s wearing of a kittel -- were adopted for Hoshanah Rabbah, looked upon as “the final day of judgment.”

 

            Says Avraham Finkel in Essence of the Holy Days,

 

                        “Hoshana Rabbah, the seventh day of Sukkot, has a solemn undertone, it is closely

                        linked to Yom Kippur, for it is on this day that the FINAL SEAL is placed on the

                        verdict that was pronounced on Yom Kippur. . .

 

                        “On Hoshana Rabbah we are mindful of the fact that during Sukkot, judgment is

                        rendered concerning the rainfall for the entire world (Rosh Hashana 16a).  The

                        economic fortunes of the world depend on abundant rainfall, so our prayers for

                        rain are of crucial importance for the global economy as a whole and for Eretz

                        Yisrael in particular.

 

                        “This is evident in the special prayers of Hoshana Rabbah.  During the Shacharit

                        (morning) service of the first six days of Sukkot, the entire congregation makes one

                        circuit around the bimah with lulav and etrog in hand while the chazzan leads the

                        recitation of the hoshana prayer that is punctuated by the congregation’s saying aloud,

                        Hoshana, ‘Please save!’  On the seventh day of Sukkot -- Hoshana Rabbah -- seven

                        circuits are made, hence the name Hoshana Rabbah, which means ‘many hoshanas.’

 

                                “In the hoshana prayers we ask for rain, ‘to give life to the forsaken wastes, to sustain

                        with trees, to enhance with sweet fruits, to rain on the sproutings, to elevate the thirsty

                        earth.’  After the seven processions around the bimah, additional prayers are said, after

                        which the lulav and etrog are laid aside and the hoshana bundle, consisting of five

                        willow branches, is picked up.  The hoshana bundle is beaten on the ground five times

                        in accordance with an ancient custom that was instituted by the prophets Haggai,

                        Zechariah, and Malachi (c. 350 B.C.E.)” (The Essence of the Holy Days, p.94).

 

            Notice that although this custom of of shaking the bundle of willow branches in not found in the Torah, Jewish history tells us it was added by God’s prophets, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi. 

 

            What does this final day of celebrating the Harvest, and Ingathering, therefore, picture?

 

            As most of us know, the Feast of Tabernacles as a whole, pictures the Millennial Reign of the Messiah, Yeshua, over the nations of the world for one thousand years.  But what about this “last day” of the Feast?

 

            During the Millennium, all the nations will be taught the ways of the Lord.  “In days to come the mountain of the LORD’s house shall be established as the highest of the mountains, and shall be raised above the hills; all the nations shall stream to it.  Many peoples shall come and say, ‘Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the house of the God of Jacob; that he may teach us his ways and that we may walk in his paths.  For our of Zion shall go forth instruction  and the word of the LORD from Jerusalem” (Isaiah 2:1-3, NRSV).

 

            Isaiah says further, of that time, “For the earth will be full of the knowledge of the LORD as the waters cover the sea” (Isa.11:9).

 

            That’s all very good.  But in the book of Revelation, we read of what is to happen after the millennial reign of Christ.  The apostle John declares that the righteous dead will be resurrected to reign with Christ during the millennium (Rev.20:1-4).  But, he adds, “The rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were ended” (v.5).  This encompasses all the millions and billions who ever lived, who will not be in the “first resurrection” which occurs at the coming of the Messiah!

 

            John goes on, “Then I saw a great white throne and the one who sat on it; the earth and heaven fled from his presence, and no place was found for them.  And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before the throne, and BOOKS were OPENED.  Also another book was opened, THE BOOK OF LIFE.  And the dead were judged ACCORDING TO THEIR WORKS, as recorded in the BOOKS” (Rev.20:11-12).

            Here is depicted the resurrection of all who ever lived, from Adam to the End Times – all who lived, died, and did not come up in the first resurrection.  Notice that they will NOT all be condemned to death and destruction, but that they will all be JUDGED according to their WORKS while they were alive! 

 

            This great time of judgment is also pictured in Matthew, chapter 25.  We read of the Son of Man, after He comes:  “All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats, and he will put the sheep at his right hand and the goats at the left.  Then the king will say to those on his right hand, ‘Come, you that are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world; for I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me, I was naked and you gave me clothing, I was sick and you took care of me, I was in prison and you visited me.’  Then the righteous will answer him, ‘Lord, when was it that we saw you hungry and gave you food, or thirsty and gave you something to drink?  And when was it that we saw you a stranger and welcomed you, or naked and gave you clothing?  And when was it that we saw you sick or in prison and visited you?’  And the king will answer them, ‘Truly I tell you, just as you did it to one of the least of these who are members of my family, you did it to me’” (Matt.25:32-40).

 

            Notice!  This is  resurrection to LIFE, for many people who lived, because they will be judged according to their righteous deeds in their lives – the GOOD that they did!  There are many “good” people in the world, and they will be judged accordingly, at that time.

 

            However, there are also people who have been predominately wicked in their lives.  They have rejected the good and turned to selfish evil and wickedness.  The Messiah will condemn these “goats,” because they did NOT do the righteous, loving, caring deeds which the righteous did!  He will say to them, “You that are accursed, depart from me into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels” (v.41-46).  John says of these, in Revelation, “And the sea gave up the dead that were in it, Death and Hades gave up the dead that were in them, and ALL were judged according to WHAT THEY HAD DONE.  Then Death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire.  This is the second death, the lake of fire; and anyone whose name was NOT found written in the book of life was thrown into the lake of fire” (Rev.20:13-15).

 

            On the other hand, there will also be many people who were neither very good or very bad.  There will be many who are “in between.”  There will be many who died as babies, or who were born without a mind to understand, deficient in mental ability, and many who just never had real understanding.  What about them?  And what about aborted babies, or those who were miscarried in the womb?  Will they be resurrected and be given a chance for salvation?

 

            Yes, they too will come up in this “second resurrection,” to receive their own opportunity to learn God’s way and receive eternal life!   God says of that time, “No more shall there be in it [Jerusalem, the Kingdom of God] an infant that lives but a few days, or an old person that does not live out a lifetime; for one who dies at a hundred years will be considered a youth” (Isa.65:20).   Those who never really understood or had a chance will be given a chance to live out full lives, and to repent of their sins and to receive their chance for salvation!

 

            This “second resurrection,” this final stage of God’s plan of salvation – this is the Seventh Day of the Feast of Tabernacles, also known as the “Last Great Day. ”   In Judaism, it is called ‘Hoshana Rabbah” – the “Great Salvation” – because that is the time when BILLLIONS will be judged and enter the Kingdom of God!  It is the time period called the “Great White Throne Judgment” in Revelation, chapter 20!  It literally pictures the final day of “judgment” and sealing those who will receive eternal life (compare Rev.20:11-15), as opposed to those who will suffer the second and final death penalty (v.14-15). 

 

            This final day of harvest celebration pictures the vast second resurrection – the resurrection of all people who ever lived, who did not quality to be in the first resurrection, at the coming of Jesus Christ, the Messiah (Rev.20:1-4).  All these others will rise up, to human life, after the 1,000 year period (Rev.20:5-6).  They will be judged at that time – the time of the “Great Salvation,” or “Many Hoshanas.”

 

            Mitch and Zhava Glaser tell us concerning this day of Hoshana Rabbah: 

 

                        “The seventh and last day of Sukkot, known as Hoshana Rabbah, ‘The Great

                        Hoshana,’ is somewhat a festival in itself.  On other days of the feast, when the

                        family goes to synagogue, one procession is made around the sanctuary with

                        lulav and etrog while the congregation sings, ‘Hoshianah, save us.’  This

                        particular tradition is believed to date back to the time of the Maccabees, around

                        165 B.C.

 

                        “On the final day, the entire congregation marches around seven times, carrying

                        even more willow leaves with them.  These seven times, a memorial of the circuits

                        made by the ancient priests around the Temple altar during worship, remind us

                        of God’s goodness in destroying Jericho once Israel had circled it seven times.

 

                        “After the seventh time around the synagogue, the willow branches are beaten

                        until their leaves fall off – a symbol of beating off our sins and a prayer for

                        plenteous water for next year’s willows. . .

 

                        “In contrast to the festive days of Sukkot, Hoshana Rabbah is observed solemnly,

                        as an extension of the Day of Atonement.  On this day, the rabbis tell us, the GATES

                        OF JUDGMENT FINALLY CLOSE and the decrees pronounced by God on the Day

                        of Atonement take effect” (The Fall Feasts of Israel, p.198-199).

 

                At this time the Spirit of God will be poured out on all these nations and people who come up in this resurrection, who never had a real opportunity for salvation, who died in ignorance of the ways and truth of God.  They will “beat off their sins” and pray for God’s Holy Spirit, which is typified by “water,” and they will receive it abundantly (Joel 2:28-29).

 

                Joel Ziff, in Mirrors in Time:  A Psycho-Spiritual Journey through the Jewish Year, tells us more about Hoshana Rabbah:

 

                        “The seventh day of Sukkot is known as Hoshana Rabbah.  On this day, the ritual of

                        Hoshanot [marching around the synagogue or room] involves seven circlings of the

                        synagogue with the four species.  At the end of this ritual, willow branches are beaten

                        against the ground.  Hoshana Rabbah is viewed as the END of the cycle which began

                        on the first day of Elul” (p.235).

 

            In other words, Hoshana Rabbah is the culmination of the holy day season that begins with the month of Elul, which is the preparation month for the great feasts of the month of Tishri.  Thus the process begins with self-examination and repentance, enjoined on us during Elul, heightened with Rosh Hoshana, and the trumpet warnings sounded on that day to repent and draw close to God.  This Feast of Trumpets is followed by the Days of Awe, leading up to Yom Kippur or the Day of Atonement, picturing judgment and cleansing -- forgiveness to the deserving and judgment upon the wicked.  This is followed by the joyousness of the Feast of Sukkot, but this time is terminated by the FINAL judgment of Hoshana Rabbah! 

 

            In reality, then, we have the following scenario:

 

                        1) Month of Elul -- 30 days -- warning to examine ourselves and come to

                        deeper repentance

 

                        2) Rosh Hashanah -- Day of Blowing -- pictures final warnings of God                                      symbolized by the seven trumpets of Revelation, picturing the final

                        call to repentance

           

                        3) Days of Awe -- final “ten days” of warning to prepare to meet the Messiah

 

                        4) Yom Kippur -- Messiah returns, and judges the world, and marries His bride

 

                        5) Feast of Sukkot -- seven days of joyous exuberance and feasting -- symbolizing

                        Millennial Kingdom of Messiah, and the wedding feast and Marriage of the Lamb

 

6) Hoshana Rabbah -- last great day of the Feast of Sukkot -- symbolizes Great White Throne Judgment, when all who ever lived receive opportunity for salvation

           

            After this comes Shemini Atzeret, the “Eighth Day,” which we will discuss later in this article.

 

The Water Pouring Ceremony

 

            Each day of the Feast of Tabernacles, a vital celebration took place called Simkhat Beit Hashoavah, that is, “The Rejoicing at the Place of the Water-Drawing.” 

 

                        “Each morning of Sukkot, the priests went to the pool of Siloah (Silwan) near

                        Jerusalem to fill a golden flask.  Shofar blasts greeted their arrival at the Temple’s

                        Water Gate.  They then ascended and poured the water so that it flowed over the

                        altar simultaneously with wine from another bowl.  When the priest was about to

                        pour the water, the people shouted ‘Raise your hand!’  because of an incident that

                        occurred in a previous year:  The high priest Alexander Jannaeus (103-76 B.C.E.)

                        showed contempt for the rite by spilling the water at his feet, a transgression for

                        which worshippers threw their citrons at him.

 

                        “The pelted priest had demonstrated his alliance with the Sadducees, who literally

                        followed Torah and only what was specifically in Torah. (Explained as an oral

                        instruction given to Moses at Sinai, this water rite was not mentioned in The Five

                        Books.)  The deliriously happy celebration connected with the water drawing

                        developed when the Pharisees (who believed in the Oral Tradition and interpretation

                        of Torah and gave us the rabbinic Judaism we know today) triumphed over them

                        in the first century. 

 

                        “Based on Isaiah’s promise ‘With joy shall you draw water out of the wells of salvation’

                        (12:3), rejoicing began at the end of the first day and took place every night except

                        Shabbat.  Talmud recorded that ‘one who had never witnessed the Rejoicing of the Place

                        of the Water Drawing has never seen true joy in his life.’  (Although the celebration

                        was for the libation that would be made the next morning, it was named for the prepar-

                        ation for the ritual -- the water drawing -- which the rabbis said showed that getting

                        ready was sometimes of greater merit than the mitzvah itself because of its positive

                        effect on the person doing it.)” (p.213-214).

 

                For this fascinating ceremony, four immense candelabrum were set in the Temple courtyard for the Feast of Sukkot, 75 feet in height.  Each candelabra had four golden bowls, and was reached by four ladders.  Each bowl was capable of holding many gallons of oil.  Four youths of priestly descent each held a pitcher of oil, which they used to fill the bowls.  Wicks were made from the old, cast-off priestly garments and rags from worn-out vestments.  When the candelabrum were lit, they generated such intense and brilliant light, that not a courtyard in the whole city of Jerusalem failed to be illuminated by the blazing light.  As the mighty torches blazed in the night, we read:

 

                        “A Levite orchestra of flutes, trumpets, harps, and cymbals accompanied torchlight

                        processions, and men who had earned the capacity for real spiritual joy through their

                        purity, character and scholarship danced ecstatically to the hand-clapping, foot-

                        stomping, and hymn-singing crowds.

 

                        “We do not imagine our distinguished sages as acrobats and tumblers, but they were

                        often agile physically as well as mentally.  Rabbi Simon ben Gamaliel juggled eight

                        lighted torches and raised himself into a handstand on two fingers, a gymnastic feat

                        no one else could master.  Others juggled eight knives, eight glasses of wine, or eight

                        eggs before leaders and dignitaries” (p.214).

 

                Why was this ceremony called “The Water-Drawing Ceremony”?  Alfred Edersheim gives us the emphatic reason, as understood by the Rabbis.  He writes:

 

                        “For though that ceremony was considered by the Rabbis as being a subordinate

                        reference to the dispensation of the rain, the annual fall of which they imagined

                        was determined by God at that feast, its main and real application was to the

                        future outpouring of the Holy Spirit, as predicted -- probably in allusion to this

                        very rite -- by Isaiah the prophet.  Thus the Talmud says distinctly:  ‘Why is

                        the name of it called, The drawing out of water?  Because of the pouring out

                        of the Holy Spirit, according to what is said:  “With joy shall ye draw waters out

                        of the well of salvation.”’  Hence, also, the feast and the peculiar joyousness of it,

                                are alike designated as those of ‘the drawing out of water’; for according to the

                        same Rabbinical authorities, the Holy Spirit dwells in man only through joy” (The

                        Temple, p.279-280).

 

            In the days of Nehemiah, at the return of the Jews from Babylon, when they celebrated God’s festivals once again, the people were told, “Do not sorrow, for the joy of the LORD is your strength” (Nehemiah 8:10, NRSV).  “Joy” is a product of the Holy Spirit of God (Gal.5:22), coming right after “love.”  The Rabbis said the Spirit of God “dwells in man only through joy,” and surely true JOY is proof of the Spirit of God!  Those who don’t have it are missing out, and evidently don’t have God’s Spirit dwelling within them!

 

                The celebration of the Water-drawing was a highlight of the Feast.  It was a happy, even ecstatic occasion, with a torchlight parade, including musicians, jugglers, and dancers, marching to the Temple, at night, as the whole city of Jerusalem was lit up by giant torches and the light of giant menorahs.  As the lyres, drums, cymbals, trumpets, drums and horns played, the Rabbis entertained and clowned, adding to the joy.  Not one day of Sukkot passed without joyous festivities that celebrated the happiness of the harvest, and the joy of community. 

 

                As the dawn of each day approached, the priests descended the steps to the Women’s Court, with trumpets blaring, and marched in procession to the Eastern Gate of the Temple, and then turned their faces toward the Temple, to the west, and proclaimed, “Our fathers who were in this place stood with their backs to the Temple and their faces eastward and worshipped the sun, but our eyes are unto the Lord” (based on Ezekiel 8:16). 

 

            We read in the gospel of John that Jesus Christ went up to the Feast of Tabernacles in Jerusalem (John 7:1-9).  Then, about the middle of the Feast, He went up to the Temple, and taught the people (v.14-30).  We then read this amazing fact:

 

                        “On the LAST DAY, THAT GREAT DAY OF THE FEAST, Jesus stood and cried

                        out, saying, ‘If anyone thirsts, let him come to Me and drink.  He who believes in Me,

                        as the Scripture has said, Out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.’  But this

                        He spoke concerning the Spirit, whom those believing in Him would receive; for the

                        Holy Spirit was not yet given, because Jesus was not yet glorified” (John 7:37-39, KJV).

 

                The last day, the “great day of the Feast,” was clearly this day -- Hoshana Rabbah!  It was the seventh or last day of the Feast of Tabernacles!  Jesus therefore made this statement, about the out-pouring of the Holy Spirit, on the last day of the Feast of Sukkot -- picturing the Day of Final Salvation, the Day of Great Salvation, and the Great White Throne Judgment! 

 

            For more information on this, be sure to read the article “The Annual Holy Days Reveal the Awesome Plan of God,” and the article entitled “The Mystery of the Resurrection of the Dead!”

 

The Plan of Salvation

 

Notice how everything fits in perfectly and dove-tails with God’s Plan, His mercy, and provides a wonderful way of salvation for the billions who have lived and died, never having understood God’s Plan, and never having even heard the name of Jesus Christ -- Yeshua the Messiah!

 

                                                   Nineveh, Tyre and Sodom

 

             Jesus alluded to the many wicked of past ages, who died in their wickedness, when He said to His disciples: “The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here.  The queen of the south [queen of Sheba during Solomon’s day] shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here” (Matt. 12:41-42).

 

             Jesus went even further.  He told His disciples that if a city rejected their message, “Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment, than for that city” (Matt. 10:15). Notice also Matthew, chapter 11.  We read: “Then began he [Jesus] to upbraid the cities wherein most of his mighty works were done, because they repented not: Woe unto thee, Chorazin!  Woe unto thee, Bethsaida! for if the mighty works, which were done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.  But I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the day of judgment than for you.

 

            “And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto heaven, shalt be brought down to hell: for if the mighty works, which have been done in thee, had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day.  But I say unto you, That it shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than for thee” (Matt. 11:20-24, KJV).

 

            The time is coming when all these ancient cities, and their inhabitants, will be judged -- some more severely than others.  This will occur on the FINAL day of salvation, pictured by Hoshana Rabbah – the day of “Great Salvation,” which is the concluding day of the Feast of Tabernacles!

 

                                                    The Valley of Dry Bones

 

            Ezekiel prophecies of this same future time of salvation for the billions who have died.  He says: “The hand of the Lord was upon me, and carried me out in the spirit of the Lord, and set me down in the midst of the valley which was full of bones, and caused me to pass by them round about: and, behold, there were very many in the open valley; and lo, they were very dry” (Ezek. 37:1-2).  These dry bones symbolize the millions of people who lived and died long, long ago -- perhaps thousands of years ago in many cases.  That is why they were “very dry.”

 

            What happens to these bones?

 

            “And he said unto me, Son of man, can these bones live?  And I answered, O Lord God, thou knowest.  Again he said unto me, Prophesy upon these bones, and say unto them, O Ye dry bones, hear the word of the Lord.  Thus saith the Lord God unto these bones; Behold, I will cause breath to enter into you, and ye shall live, and I will lay sinews upon you, and will bring up flesh upon you, and cover you with skin, and put breath in you, AND YE SHALL LIVE: and ye shall know that I am the Lord” (verses 3-6).

 

            Here a great resurrection to physical, mortal life is described! These people will be raised to physical life once again.  They will be breathing creatures.  They will have sinews, flesh, skin -- they will be physical human beings once again!

 

            Ezekiel says: “So I prophesied as I was commanded: and as I prophesied, there was a noise, and behold a shaking, and the bones came together, bone to his bone.  And when I beheld, lo, the sinews and the flesh came up upon them, and the skin covered them above; but there was no breath in them.

 

             “Then said he unto me, Prophesy unto the wind, prophesy, son of man, and say to the wind, Thus saith the Lord God; Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain, that they may live.

 

            “So I prophesied as he commanded me, and the breath came into them, and they lived, and stood up upon their feet, AN EXCEEDING GREAT ARMY” (Ezek. 27:7-10). 

 

Who are these people?

 

            “Then he said unto me, Son of man, these bones are THE WHOLE HOUSE OF ISRAEL: behold, they say, Our bones are died, and our hope is lost: we are cut off for our parts.  Therefore prophesy and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord God; Behold, O my people, I WILL OPEN YOUR GRAVES, and cause you to come up out of your graves, and bring you into the land of Israel.  And ye shall know that I am the Lord, when I have opened your graves, O my people, and brought you up out of your graves, and shall put my spirit in you, and ye shall live, and I shall place you in your own land: then shall ye know that I the Lord have spoken it, and performed it, saith the Lord” (verses 11-14).

 

            When will this great resurrection to physical life occur?  It will be at the same time God brings the peoples of ancient Sodom, Gomorrah, Tyre, Sidon, and the Queen of Sheba, back to life, to stand before judgment!

 

            The time frame of this stupendous event is given in the book of Revelation!

 

                                             The Great White Throne Judgment

 

            John writes: “And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them.  And I saw the dead, small and great [who are these?], stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works” (Rev. 20:11-12)

 

             Here is the same time of resurrection that is described in Ezekiel 37, the “dry bones” chapter.  These vast teeming millions, including the vast majority of mankind that ever lived -- billions of people -- will be resurrected to new physical life, and they will be “judged.”  All those who never had a true opportunity for salvation will be given a time to qualify and to be tested, so that they can enter God’s Kingdom also.  They will be flesh and blood, not immortal.  These people will be the millions who were never called by God during this life; those millions who never understood the Plan of God, who never heard of Jesus Christ, the only name under heaven whereby men may be saved, or never understood the whole thing even if they did “hear” the name itself, because of the deception of false religion and false teachers (Acts 4:12).   These millions will include the little babies who died in childbirth, the young children who died at a very young age, and others who died in simple ignorance. 

 

             Among them apparently will be all the babies who were aborted in their mother’s womb, and killed, through no fault of their own – and even children who died because of accident in the womb, such as miscarriages.  These children died never having had a chance for salvation.  They will be given that opportunity! Those who were blinded to God’s truth from Adam to the present day, and just never understood, will at that time be resurrected to mortal life, and given their first and only real opportunity for salvation (see Matthew 12:41-42).

 

            Notice that the “book of life” will be opened.  And that they will be judged according to their “works” (Rev. 20:12).  These people will apparently live, build houses, and plant vineyards, and live a natural, normal life for perhaps one hundred years (Isa.65:20), during which time they will be tested and tried and receive their opportunity for salvation. They will be taught, for the first time in their existence, the real truth of God.  They will be able to compare their previous life, under Satan’s way, with life and blessings under God’s way, in the Kingdom of God.  And the vast majority will repent of their sins, accept Christ as Saviour, and be saved. As Paul wrote: “And so all Israel shall be saved” (Rom. 11:26). God is longsuffering and patient, not willing that any should die or perish (II Pet.3:9). Everyone who ever lived will have a complete and unhindered chance to learn God’s ways, and to be saved.