A New Look at Esau

 

Where Is ESAU in

Biblical Prophecy?

 

                                    Who is modern day "Esau" or "Edom" in terms of

                                    Biblical prophecy?  Where are the descendants of the

                                    brother of Jacob located today?  Is there a connection

                                    between Esau and the peoples of Spain, Italy, Rome,

                                    and the Germans of Central Europe?  What happened

                                    to the descendants of the brother of Jacob?  Here is

                                    the astonishing story of the titanic struggle and rivalry

                                    between Esau and Jacob down through the ages, and

                                    what is prophesied for them in the “End of Days”!

 

                                                        William F. Dankenbring

                                   

            A little understood but vitally important rivalry, down through the corridors of time, is briefly highlighted in the pages of Scripture.   This intense and fundamental conflict and sibling rivalry began even before the birth of the two brothers, Esau and Jacob!  Notice!

 

                        "And Isaac entreated the LORD for his wife, because she was barren:  and the

                                LORD was entreated of him, and Rebekah his wife conceived.  And the children

                                struggled together within her; and she said, If it be so, why am I thus?  And she

                                went to enquire of the LORD.  And the LORD said unto her, Two nations are

                                in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels; and

                                the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve

                                the younger" (Gen.25:21-23).

 

                Esau came out of the womb first, "red, all over like an hairy garment; and they called his name Esau ("hairy"). 

 

                        "And after that came his brother out, and his hand took hold on Esau's heel; and

                                his name was called Jacob ["Supplanter"]. . . . And the boys grew:  and Esau was

                                a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in tents"

                                (see Gen.25:24-27).

 

                Esau was a man of powerful lusts and drives, and there was great competition between him and Jacob.  Isaac loved Esau and favored him, because he did eat of his venison:  but Rebekah loved Jacob" (v.28).  Esau was firstborn, but when he was hungry, he sold his birthright to Jacob for a pot of lentil or bean soup (vs.29-34); "thus Esau despised his birthright" (v.34).

 

            Nevertheless, when Isaac grew old, and the time came for him to bless his sons, he intended to bless Esau with the choicest blessings (Gen.27:1-4).  However, Rebekah overheard him, and Rebekah plotted with Jacob for him to impersonate Esau, and gain the blessing Isaac was about to bestow.  Thus by subterfuge and clever deception Jacob gained the blessing (Gen.27:5-38).  The only "blessing" Isaac had left to give Esau was that his dwelling would be far from the fatness of the earth.  Notice the account:

 

                        "Then his father Isaac answered him:  'See, away from the fatness of the earth

                                shall your home be, and away from the dew of heaven on high.  By your sword

                                you shall live, and you shall serve your brother; but when you break loose,

                                you shall break his yoke from your neck'" (Gen.27:39-40).

 

                The Moffatt translation has this:

 

                        'Far from rich soil on earth shall you live, far from the dew of heaven on high;

                                you shall live by the sword and serve your brother; but when you grow restive,

                                his yoke you shall break."

 

            Because Jacob got the blessing from Isaac, Esau hated Jacob with a murderous fury, and plotted to kill him.  He muttered, "It soon will be time to mourn for my father, and then I will murder my brother Jacob" (v.41, Moffatt).  He had an attitude just like that of rebellious CAIN!  As a result of this bitter hatred and threat, Jacob had to flee for his life.

 

                                            Origin of an Ancient Sibling Rivalry

 

            The book of Jasher contains a very interesting and detailed account of the strange birth of Esau and Jacob.  In this ancient rabbinic Hebrew text we read that Rebecca was barren, even after nineteen years of marriage.  Deeply concerned, she asked her husband to intreat the Lord for her, even as Abraham had done for Sarah, who also had been barren for many years.  Isaac did so, and the Lord heard his prayer, and Rebeccah his wife conceived.  We read;

 

                        "And in about seven months after the children struggled together within her,

                                `and it pained her greatly that she was wearied on account of them, and she said

                                to all the women who were then in the land, Did such a thing happen to you as it

                                has to me?  and they said unto her, No.

 

                                "And she said unto them, Why am I alone in this amongst all the women that were

                                upon earth?  and she went to the land of Moriah to seek the Lord on account of this;

                                and she went to Shem and Eber his son to make inquiries of them in this matter,

                                and that they should seek the Lord in this thing respecting her.

 

                                "And she also asked Abraham to seek and inquire of the Lord about all that had befallen

                                her.  And they all inquired of the Lord concerning this matter, and hey brought her word

                                from the Lord and told her, Two children are in thy womb, and two nations shall rise from

                                them; and one nation shall be stronger than the other, and the greater shall serve the younger"

                                (Jasher 26:9-12).

 

                The book of Jasher also tells us that "Esau was a designing and deceitful man, and an expert hunter in the field, and Jacob was a man perfect and wise, dwelling in tents, feeding flocks and learning the instruction of the Lord and the commands of his father and mother" (v.17).  But Esau had no time for godly instruction.  He was a self-filled man of vehement action and notoriety. 

 

            According to the book of Jasher, when Esau was 16 years of age, and already a powerful hunter, he performed a stunning feat.  We read how as a young virile man, he found the old king Nimrod, ruler of Babylon at that time, in the field hunting, set a trap for him, ambushed him, and killed him, stealing the "holy garments" he had received from his father Cush -- the very garments Ham had secretly stolen from Noah on the Ark -- the animal skins which God Himself had rendered into clothing for Adam and Eve, after their sin!  Says Jasher:

 

                            "And Esau at that time, after the death of Abraham, frequently went into the field

                                to hunt.  And Nimrod king of Babel, the same was Amraphel, also frequently

                                went with his mighty men to hunt in the field, and to walk about in the cool of

                                the day.  And Nimrod was observing Esau all the days, for a jealousy was

                                formed in the heart of Nimrod against Esau all the days.

 

                                "And on a certain day Esau went into the field to hunt, and he found Nimrod

                                walking in the wilderness with his two men.  And all his mighty men and his

                                people were with him in the wilderness, but they removed at a distance from

                                him, and they went from him in different directions to hunt, and Esau concealed

                                himself for Nimrod, and he lurked for him in the wilderness. . . .

 

                                "And Nimrod and two of his men that were with him came to the place where

                                they were when Esau started  suddenly from his lurking place, and drew his sword,

                                and hastened, and ran to Nimrod and cut off his head.

 

                                "And Esau fought a desperate fight with the two men that were with Nimrod, and

                                when they called out to him, Esau turned to them and smote them to death with

                                his sword. . . . And when Esau saw the mighty men of Nimrod coming at a distance,

                                he fled, and thereby escaped; and Esau took the valuable garments of Nimrod, which

                                Nimrod's father had bequeathed to Nimrod, and with which Nimrod prevailed over

                                the whole land, and he ran and concealed them in his house.

 

                                "And Esau took those garments and ran into the city on account of Nimrod's men,

                                and he came into his father's house weary and exhausted from fight, and he was

                                ready to die through grief when he approached his brother Jacob and sat before him.

                                And he said to his brother Jacob, Behold I shall die this day, and wherefore then do

                                I want the birthright?  And Jacob acted wisely with Esau in this matter, and Esau

                                sold his birthright to Jacob, for it was so brought about by the Lord" (Jasher 27:1-15).

 

             Obviously, Esau had aspirations of greatness at a very early age.  But he sought to attain greatness by his own merits -- by acts of violence, heroism, and might deeds of trickery, cunning, and warfare. 

 

                                                   The Mystery of Esau or Edom

 

            The book of Jubilees contains this same account of Isaac's words to Esau, after Jacob had fraudulently stolen his blessing.  It contains this remarkable prophecy:

 

                        "Behold, apart from the dew of the land shall be your dwelling, and apart from

                                the dew of heaven from above.  And by your sword you shall live, and you will

                                serve your brother.  And it will happen WHEN YOU BECOME GREAT [at the

                                End Time!], and you will remove his yoke from your neck, that THEN you will

                                SURELY SIN COMPLETELY UNTO DEATH, AND YOUR SEED WILL BE

                                ROOTED OUT FROM UNDER HEAVEN" (Jubilees 26:34). 

 

            This hatred of Esau, in the process of time, became an undying and unmitigated hatred, a hatred which was infused into his children and descendants from generation to generation.  This rivalry between these two peoples has continued down through history, and was to be a major factor in end-time prophecy!

 

            Says Peloubet's Bible Dictionary:

 

                        "Esau's bitter hatred of his brother Jacob for fraudulently obtaining his blessing

                                appears to have been inherited by his latest posterity.  The Edomites preemptorily

                                refused to permit the Israelites to pass through their land (Num.20:18-21).  For a

                                long period we hear no more of the Edomites.  They were then attacked and

                                defeated by Saul (I Sam.14:47), and some forty years later by David (II Sam.8:

                                13, 14). . . . They joined Nebuchadnezzar when that king besieged Jerusalem.  For

                                their cruelty this time they were fearfully denounced by the later prophets (Isa.

                                34:5-8; 63:1-4; Jer.49:17)" ("Edom," p.161).

 

                Because of the coloration of his skin at birth, Esau obtained a second name, and was called "Edom," meaning "Red" (Gen.25:25; 36:1, 8).  Names are significant in the Scriptures.  "Red" of course is the color of blood, and bespeaks a bloody type of man, and character.  The "Red horse" of Revelation bespeaks war, and Esau was a warrior and crafty hunter who "lived by the sword."  "Red" is also the color of the Beast of Revelation, identifying Esau therefore with the final "BEAST" power (Rev.17:3-5). 

 

            He married two wives, both Canaanites, when he was 40 years old, and because they displeased his parents greatly, he later married an Ishmaelite woman, a descendant of Abraham (Gen.26:34-35; 36:1-2).  Esau, it appears, has always been a great proponent of intermixing the populations and racial intermarriage.  His family line is also noted for incest, adulterous liaisons, and "confusion" in morality, as the Jewish Chumash, Art Scroll edition, shows:

 

                        "In the literal sense of the verses and from the parallel genealogies in Chronicles,

                                it becomes clear that many of Esau's descendants were products of incest and

                                illegitimacy . . . . Esau's family was permeated with illegitimacy. . . The verse

                                [Gen.26:2] implies that Oholibamah was the daughter of two fathers, Anah and

                                Zibeon, an obvious impossibility.  Furthermore, verse 24 describes Anah as

                                Zibeon's son.  Consequently, our verse implies that Zibeon cohabited with his own

                                daughter-in-law, Anah's wife, and Oholibamah was the product of their adultery. 

                                Thus, she and all her offspring were illegitimate" (p.192-193).

 

                We are told that "Esau took his wives, and his sons, and his daughters, and all the persons of his household, and his cattle, and all his beasts, and all his substance, and went into the country from the face of his brother Jacob" (Gen.36:6).  He moved out, lock, stock and barrel.  Eventually, his descendants settled in Mount Seir, to the direct south of Israel.

 

            Is this an Esau identified in ancient history?  Did the ancients write about him, his deeds, and acts of renown?

 

                                              Esau -- A Mighty Man of War

 

            Esau became not only a powerful hunter, like Nimrod, but also a mighty warrior and ruler.  It seems obvious that he considered himself the equal or superior of any man.  Having killed Nimrod, the great king who had defied God at the Tower of Babel,  Esau felt he should become king over the earth.  Therefore he was particularly galled that Jacob had received the birthright promises and blessings.  His hatred drove them apart and made them the quintessential rivals all their days, and this rivalry for world dominion passed down through the generations between their descendants.

 

            Such a man could hardly be ignored in the annals of ancient times.  And he was not. 

 

            In his fascinating book entitled Compendium of World History, Prof. Herman L. Hoeh provides us an incredible glimpse into the historical writings dealing with this man.  To the ancients, he was known as "Hercules." 

 

            Says Herman L. Hoeh, in volume I of the Compendium, a very powerful ancient people were known as the "Hericlidae."  Dr. Hoeh says, "Witness the incursions of the Hyksos and the Edomite Heraclidae -- a branch of the Hebrews" -- into the land of early Greece (p.394).  Who were these people?  Hoeh writes, in a section entitled "Who Were the Heraclidae?" that --

 

                                "The Heraclidae are said to have returned 80 years after the first Trojan War.  Then

                                they must have been in Greece and Asia Minor before.  The most famous people who

                                possessed this region before were the Hyksos rulers -- Apophis and Khyan.  The Hyksos

                                were Amalekites and other tribes descended of Edom . . . As the Greeks called these

                                people Heraclidae, is it possible that Hercules -- the father of the Heraclidae --

                                was Edom or Esau, the father of the Edomites and Amalekites?" (page 402). 

 

            Herman Hoeh goes on, on page 403, to say,

 

                        "Who then was the original Hercules? . . . .

 

                                "That there were several Hercules is admitted by all writers, ancient

                                and modern.  Nimrod was called Hercules, as also was Osorkon much

                                later.  Neither of them was the famous Hercules who fathered the

                                Heraclidae.  This Hercules -- declare the Greeks -- LOST HIS RIGHT

                                OF BIRTH, AS DID ESAU, the famous hunter" (p.403).

 

            Herman Hoeh then quotes from Josephus, the Jewish historian, who himself quotes Alexander Polyhistor, who quotes the prophet Cleodemus, also called Malchus, who wrote a history of the Jews in agreement with the history of Moses.  He relates that

 

                            ". . . there were many sons born to Abraham by Keturah; nay, he names three

                                of them, Apher, and Surim, and Japhran [from Apher "Africa" took its name] . . .

                                these men were auxillaries to Hercules, when he fought against Libya and Antaeus;

                                and that Hercules married Aphra's (that is, Apher's) daughter, and of her he begat

                                a son, Diodorus . . . ." (p.403-404). 

 

            Says Hoeh,

 

                                "Apher was a son of Midian, and a grandson of Abraham.  Esau was a much

                                younger grandson of Abraham through Isaac.  Josephus thus establishes that

                                this Hercules was not Nimrod who was over two centuries earlier [Hoeh's

                                dating, based on Ussher].  He further proved that this Hercules lived at the time

                                which the Bible proves that Esau lived.  Both lost their right of birth.  Esau was

                                therefore the Hercules of Greek history and the father of the Heraclidae" (p.404).

 

            Hoeh says:  "As Celtes had no son he gave his daughter in marriage to Hercules (who has been proven to be ESAU from Josephus and Greek history.  From her Hercules had a son named Galathes . . ." (p.451-452).

 

            Esau/Hercules obviously "got around."  All his life, it would appear, he struggled to regain his "birth right."  He performed mighty works, and incredible deeds, and the "labors of Hercules" -- but he could never regain that which he had so foolishly sold to Jacob his brother for a bowl of bean soup!

 

                                        Modern Day Descendants of Jacob and Esau

           

            All through history there would be conflict between the sons of Jacob, or "Israel," and the sons of Esau, his wicked older brother.  The Bible tells us that Esau was a violent man, a famous hunter, who "despised his birthright" (Gen.25:34).  Esau was a very capable man, and had great abilities, but Isaac gave the birthright promises of national greatness and power to Jacob instead (Gen.27:20-30).  Ever since that time, the descendants of Esau have hated and despised the descendants of Jacob, or "Israel." 

 

            As we know, Jacob's descendants became the twelve tribes of Israel, and most of them migrated out of the Middle East and settled in Northwestern Europe, Scandinavia, France, the British Isles, Ireland, Denmark, and North America.

 

            But what about the descendants of "Esau"?  History has proved that some of them settled in the region of Turkey, and became the "Ottoman Empire" -- a cruel, brutal historical empire that was finally conquered by the descendants of Jacob -- the British and Americans -- in 1917, when the Turks fought beside the Germans and Austrians, on the losing side. 

 

            However, other sons of Esau, like the Israelites, migrated farther west, and settle in Spain, once again to the south of the Israelite nations!  The ancient hatred and "blood-feud" and religious animosity between the descendants of Esau and Jacob appears to have been carried down through the ages, and manifested itself in the Middle Ages in the religious wars between Catholicism and Protestantism! 

 

            Interestingly, today the tribes of Israel which were carried into captivity by the Assyrians in 718-721 B.C. have settled in Northwestern Europe, from Scandinavia to France, from Belgium to Switzerland, with the tribe of Joseph in the British Isles and America.  Many of the children of Esau also most likely moved out of the Middle East when the Assyrians invaded.

 

            Today, if history repeats itself, as in ancient times, to the south of Israel we would expect to find the descendants of "Esau."  To the south of Israel in Europe, lies the country of "Spain."  Also, the Spanish colonized the regions to the south of the United States, in the Western hemisphere.  Mexico is largely Spanish mixed with the Indian population -- a mixture of peoples, as Esau married the indigenous populations, once again.

 

            Could the ancient rivalry between Jacob and Esau be a modern drama playing itself out in the rivalry between Spain, Mexico, and the Spanish-speaking nations and the English-speaking nations of modern Joseph, the "birthright" tribe of ancient Israel?

 

            This ancient hostility is still evident in the conflict between Spain and England over the rock of Gibraltar, and in the historic rivalry and conflict between Mexico and the United States!  These modern antagonisms have a root that traces all the way back to the rivalry and feud between Esau and Jacob in the book of Genesis.

 

            The remaining Edomites who stayed in Palestine were a thorn in the sides of the Jewish peoples.  They sided with Babylon when Nebuchadnezzar attacked the Jewish state. Finally, in the days of the Maccabees, and John Hyrcanus, that king of Judah conquered many Edomites and compelled them to be circumcised, and adopt the Jewish religion.  Thus some of the remnants of Edom became incorporated with the Jewish people, and are represented today amongst the peoples known as "Jews."  However, overall they compose a very small proportion of the Jewish people. 

 

                                                 The Forgotten History of Edom

 

            Esau, like his brother Jacob, was a wanderer and explorer.  They had many attributes in common.  The main difference between them was in character:  Esau was a hunter and plunderer, whereas Jacob was a skilled worker and industrious husbandman or farmer and rancher. 

 

            In his Compendium of World History, Dr. Herman L. Hoeh pointed out that Esau, the famous "hunter," became known as "Hercules" among the Gentiles.  Writes Hoeh, "Hercules . . . has been proved to be Esau from Josephus and Greek history" (vol. 1, p.451).  A line of kings was descended from him, including Galathes (1739-1690 B.C.), father of the tribe of the Galli (who gave their name to the region of Galatia in Asia Minor); Narbon (1690-1672 B.C.), who ruled western Europe from Gaul; Lugdus (1672-1621 B.C.), the founder of London; Beligius (1621-1601 B.C.), who gave his name to those called the Belgae; Jasius (1601-1551 B.C.), a prince of the line of Esau, who was made king of Italy; Allobrox (1551-1483 B.C.), who ruled all Celtica, the land of Western Europe, and then a series of kings down to the fall of Troy.

 

            The family of Esau had settled in the land of Seir, the Horite.  We read in Genesis:  "Thus dwelt Esau in mount Seir:  Esau is Edom.  And these are the generations of Esau the father of the Edomites in mount Seir" (Gen.36:8-9).  Undoubtedly, Esau and his children intermarried with the descendants of Seir the Horite (Gen.36:20-21) who also dwelt there.  In volume 2 of his Compendium of World History, Herman Hoeh mistakenly identifies Hercules with Seir, the Horite.  However, he was Esau the brother of Jacob.  As such, he travelled widely, conquering and despatching foes.  He was known in Africa as Hercules Libycus, renowned for having subdued Libya, and the vast territories that lie west of Egypt (vol. 2, p.116). 

 

            The early history of Spain is given in volume two of the Compendium.  Dr. Hoeh points out that 520 years after the Flood, or in 1849 B.C., a great battle was fought in Spain in which many of the prehistoric "giants" were expelled.  An Egyptian army led by Osyris Denis (Dionysius) fought and conquered the giants, and one giant was given his sister as wife, settled in Sardinia, and built the city of Norca.  The site is famous for traditionally having been inhabited by giants, who left megalithic remains and giant tombs. 

 

            After the death of Osyris, Hercules -- Esau -- arrived on the scene.  "He challenged the three sons of Gerion [the giant] to personal combat -- three against one -- and slew them all.  Hercules [Esau] then turned the government of southern Spain over to Hispal, his son and one of his generals, and departed with the bulk of his army to Italy" (p.115). 

 

            Thus the Biblical Esau began a dynasty of kings that ruled in Spain, beginning with Hispal (1807-1790 B.C.), who built what is now known as Seville.  He was followed by Hercules' grandson, Hispanus(1790-1758 B.C.), who gave his name to Hispania [Spain!].  He extended his rule throughout Spain, including the central and northern regions previously inhabited by wild tribes. 

 

            Hoeh points out that the time setting of this event corresponds to the latter half of Dynasty II in Egypt.  "It is the period of the patriarch Jacob.  The Hercules of these traditions has already been proved to be Seir the Horite [that is, Esau, the ruler of Seir and the Horites].  In Spanish history Hercules is often referred to as 'Oron,' meaning the Horite.  He was a king of Egypt . . ." (ibid.).   

 

            Hoeh seems to confuse the accounts of Hercules, in one place calling him Esau, brother of Jacob, and in another Seir, the Horite.  However, the misunderstanding is resolved when we realize that Esau became the dominant person in Mount Seir, and took the title of Seir the original Horite.  It is Esau of Mount Seir that had the on-going "blood-feud" with the line of Jacob down through history -- not the original Seir the Horite!

 

            Thus we see that the descendants of Esau established themselves as the rulers of Spain at an early period of Spanish history.  There is no doubt, therefore, that the line and heritage of Jacob's brother Esau became the genesis for succeeding generations of the peoples of Spain, and the Spanish dominions and territories scattered around the world, principally in Central and South America!  The Spanish-speaking world is descended, in large part, from Esau, the brother of Jacob!

 

                                            Is Spain Part of Modern "Esau"?

 

            Spain is the most Catholic country in Europe.  Spain is more Catholic than Italy itself!  During the Middle Ages, Spain was famous for being the most brutal and tyrannical Catholic monarchy on the face of the earth.  The "Spanish Inquisition" has gone down in history as the worst and most atrocious religious blood-bath and bestial religious persecution of all time.  

 

            The Spanish were also vicious persecutors of the Jewish people, and forced thousands of them into Catholic conversions in the Middle Ages.  In fact, while Columbus was discovering America (he was very likely a Jew in the employ of the Spanish king and queen), in 1492, the very same year the Spanish launched an inquisition against the Jews and expelled all who would not convert from the country.

 

            The Spanish, like ancient Esau and his children, have been noted for their extreme cruelty, ambition, and lust for conquest.  Like Esau the hunter, the Spanish conquistadores pillaged, butchered, and "hunted" for the gold and treasures of the Aztecs and Incas. 

 

            Spain historically has had a great hatred for Protestants and all non-Catholics. This hatred manifested itself in the notorious Spanish Inquisition, when hundreds of thousands of Protestants were imprisoned, tortured, and killed without mercy.  Historically, too, the Spanish also had a great hatred for the Jews.  Is not this persistent hatred a manifestation of the ancient hatred of Esau for his brother Jacob? 

                                                  

            I have noted that modern Spain is south of the nations of modern Israel which located in Europe.  This parallels the fact that ancient Edom was located south of ancient Israel.  Modern Spain has outlets to the sea -- ocean harbors; ancient Edom also had an outlet to the sea -- an ocean harbor -- with a port at Ezion-geber on  the Red Sea.  In the western hemisphere, Mexico, the largest and most populous former Spanish dominion, also lies directly south of modern Ephraim!

 

            Jacob prophesied of Esau, that he would dwell "far from" the rich agricultural land (Gen.27:39).  Says the Worldbook Encyclopedia of the country of Spain:

 

                        "Spain is poor in natural resources.  The country has little good farmland, and it lacks

                                many important industrial raw materials. . . . Most of Spain has poor soil and limited

                                rainfall, which make it difficult to raise crops. . . . But agricultural production in most

                                regions has always been low because of the poor soil, dry climate, and inferior Spanish

                                farming methods" (article "Spain," p.579).

 

                Thus even the topography and geography of Spain reveal that it could well be a country populated by the modern day descendants of ancient Esau!  Much of Mexico, also, is rocky, arid, and poor soil for agriculture. 

 

            The greatest evidence, however, that the Spanish people are at least in large part related to Esau is in their national characteristics -- their idolatrous religious fanaticism, which today is Catholicism, and their brutal historical hatred and antipathy toward the Israelitish nations of Europe, in particular the English, and their persecution of Protestants and Jews during the Spanish Inquisition.  These traits which bespeak an undying hatred and deep-seated resentment and jealousy are just what one would expect from the descendants of "Esau" toward the descendants of "Jacob"!

 

                                                Esau and the Latins and Romans

 

            Louis Ginzberg in his Legends of the Jews gives us additional information about Esau, connecting him and his posterity to Rome.  According to the traditions Ginzberg relates, Rebekah suffered such severe pain during her pregnancy that she went to Shem and pleaded with him to inquire of God concerning the cause of her distress.

 

"And Shem replied: "My daughter, I confide a secret to thee.  See to it that none

finds it out.  Two nations are in thy womb, and how should thy body contain them,

seeing that the whole world will not be large enough for them to exist in it together

peaceably?  Two nations they are, each owning a world of its own, the one the Torah,

the other sin.  From the one will spring Solomon, the builder of the Temple, from

the other Vespasian, the destroyer thereof"' (Legends, 1968, vol. 1, page 314)

 

            Spain has been staunchly and violently Catholic, apostate in the extreme, and doubtlessly a part of the body of Esau.  However, the Mother and Fountain of all persecution and relilgious apostasy has its source in Rome, and Roman Catholicism.  Rome, also, fulfills the words of Edras that 'Esau is the end of this age, and Jacob is the beginning of the one that follows.'

 

'They [Esau and Jacob] will never be in the same estate.  Esau will vaunt lords, while

Jacob will have Kings.  They, Israel and Rome, are the two nations destined to be hated